Packet #2637996

Database ID:	2637996
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x7a0b5900` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-04-04 09:13:11 UTC
From Node:	Ruse GW (RS1)
To Node:	!ffffffff (ffff)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	Ruse GW (RS1)
Channel:	LongFast
RSSI:	Unknown
SNR:	Unknown
Hop Info:	0/2 hops Start: 2, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`0c` RS1 , BUK1 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	Ruse GW
Short Name:	RS1
Node ID:	!04c5a00c
MAC Address:	sKYExaAM
Hardware:	HELTEC_V4

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	73 bytes
Gateway:	!04c5a00c
Channel:	LongFast
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 2

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Broadcast

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
+ 1 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
+ 1 more...

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!04c5a00c` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`LongFast` Default public channel
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (73 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`80060428` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4294967295` (Broadcast) Visible to all nodes	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`73` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`2` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	Not set	int32
`rx_snr`	Not set	float
`rx_time`	`1775293991` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	`10` Packet priority level	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`12` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1775293991.9271152` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Broadcast

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Visible to all nodes on channel
⚠ Default channel - no encryption
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!04c5a00c`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	73 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!04c5a00c", "long_name": "Ruse GW", "short_name": "RS1", "macaddr": "sKYExaAM", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V4" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!04c5a00c", "channel_id": "LongFast", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 80060428, "to": 4294967295, "id": 2047564032, "rx_time": 1775293991, "rx_snr": 0.0, "rx_rssi": 0, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 10, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 12, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a092130346335613030631207527573652047571a035253312206b0a604c5a00c286e380c422014539a5b5bf139d579366e36cd77e62c8f11a09119f4c0116ad8c8614f5669304801", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!04c5a00c", "long_name": "Ruse GW", "short_name": "RS1", "macaddr": "sKYExaAM", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V4", "role": "CLIENT_BASE", "public_key": "FFOaW1vxOdV5Nm42zXfmLI8RoJEZ9MARatjIYU9WaTA=", "is_unmessagable": true, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (73 bytes)

0a092130346335613030631207527573652047571a035253312206b0a604c5a00c286e380c422014539a5b5bf139d579366e36cd77e62c8f11a09119f4c0116ad8c8614f5669304801

Hex Analysis:

Size:	73 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2637996 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: