Packet #2630660 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from gw sof (ab40) to mobile sof (fd50)

4
Total Receptions
4
Unique Gateways
1
Hop Count
12
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 2630660
Mesh Packet ID: 0xb25d8eec
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-04-03 20:57:12 UTC
From Node: gw sof (ab40)
To Node: mobile sof (fd50)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: PAN GW (PAGW)
Channel: Bulgaria
RSSI: -96 dBm
SNR: -4.25 dBm
Hop Info: 1/2 hops
Start: 2, Limit: 1
Relay Node: 38 KILO
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 12 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
SNR Towards: 10.0 dB
Return Path: BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)
SNR Back: 9.25 dB
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 mobile sof (fd50) gw sof (ab40) 452 m 10.0 dB Origin Hops
Traceroute incomplete - Final destination not reached
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 gw sof (ab40) BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) Unknown 9.25 dB Return Start Hops
Total Forward Distance
452 m
Combined Traceroute Graph
Controls: Drag nodes to rearrange • Mouse wheel to zoom • Click and drag background to pan • Hover for details

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Legend & Paths
Nodes
🔄 Router Node
📡 Gateway Node
🚀 Source Node
🎯 Target Node
Connections
RF Link
Gateway Connection
Direct Reception (0 hops)
Packet Paths
Loading paths...
Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:12 bytes
Gateway:!49b72db8
Channel:Bulgaria
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:1 / 2
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 3 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (1 hops)
+ 1 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !49b72db8
Node ID format
channel_id Bulgaria
packet MeshPacket (12 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 2661264192
Source node ID 		uint32
to 3127311696
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum 70
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 12 bytes size
hop_limit 1
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 2
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 1
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -96.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr -4.25 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1775249831
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack True
Acknowledgment requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 56
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1775249832.4129841
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Acknowledgment requested
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (1 hops)
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Want ack: True
Gateway ID: !49b72db8
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -96.0 dBm
SNR: -4.25 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:12 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [], "snr_towards": [ 10.0 ], "route_back": [ 2997308472 ], "snr_back": [ 9.25 ], "route_node_names": { "2997308472": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "2661264192": "gw sof (ab40)", "3127311696": "mobile sof (fd50)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 2630660, "timestamp": 1775249832.4129841, "from_node_id": 2661264192, "to_node_id": 3127311696, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!49b72db8", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "mesh_packet_id": 2992475884, "rssi": -96, "snr": -4.25, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 2, "payload_length": 12, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "1201281a04384ca7b2220125", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1775249831, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 56, "tx_after": 0, "timestamp_str": "2026-04-03 20:57:12 UTC", "hop_count": 1, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "to_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "relay_hex": "38", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 2997308472, "node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠", "hex_id": "!b2a74c38", "short_name": "KILO", "last_byte": "38" } ], "gateway_name": "PAN GW (PAGW)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 1236741560, "latitude": 42.663936, "longitude": 23.26528, "altitude": 643, "timestamp": 1775291284.769742, "timestamp_str": "2026-04-04 08:28:04", "display_name": "PAN GW", "long_name": "PAN GW", "short_name": "PAGW", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V4" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 2630660, "from_node_id": 2661264192, "to_node_id": 3127311696, "timestamp": 1775249832.4129841, "gateway_id": "!49b72db8", "raw_payload": "1201281a04384ca7b2220125", "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 2, "from_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "to_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [], "snr_towards": [ 10.0 ], "route_back": [ 2997308472 ], "snr_back": [ 9.25 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 3127311696, 2661264192 ], "node_names": [ "mobile sof (fd50)", "gw sof (ab40)" ], "snr_values": [ 10.0 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127311696, "to_node_id": 2661264192, "from_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "to_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "snr": 10.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 452.28668006057467, "from_location_timestamp": 1775249606.2257774, "to_location_timestamp": 1775248435.4694057, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.4h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 1 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 2661264192, 2997308472 ], "node_names": [ "gw sof (ab40)", "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)" ], "snr_values": [ 9.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2661264192, "to_node_id": 2997308472, "from_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "to_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "snr": 9.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 1 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 3127311696, 2661264192, 2997308472 ], "node_names": [ "mobile sof (fd50)", "gw sof (ab40)", "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)" ], "snr_values": [ 10.0, 9.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127311696, "to_node_id": 2661264192, "from_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "to_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "snr": 10.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 452.28668006057467, "from_location_timestamp": 1775249606.2257774, "to_location_timestamp": 1775248435.4694057, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.4h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2661264192, "to_node_id": 2997308472, "from_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "to_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "snr": 9.25, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": false, "forward_path_display": "mobile sof (fd50) → gw sof (ab40)", "return_path_display": "gw sof (ab40) → BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "actual_rf_path_display": "mobile sof (fd50) → gw sof (ab40) → BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127311696, "to_node_id": 2661264192, "from_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "to_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "snr": 10.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 452.28668006057467, "from_location_timestamp": 1775249606.2257774, "to_location_timestamp": 1775248435.4694057, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.4h ago" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2661264192, "to_node_id": 2997308472, "from_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "to_node_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "snr": 9.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "total_forward_distance": 452.28668006057467, "total_return_distance": 0 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!49b72db8", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2661264192, "to": 3127311696, "id": 2992475884, "rx_time": 1775249831, "rx_snr": -4.25, "rx_rssi": -96, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 56, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 70, "payload": "1201281a04384ca7b2220125", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "snr_towards": [ 40 ], "route_back": [ 2997308472 ], "snr_back": [ 37 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (12 bytes)
1201281a04384ca7b2220125
Hex Analysis:
Size:12 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
PAN GW (PAGW) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-96.0 dBm -4.25 dB 1 38 KILO Bulgaria 2026-04-03 20:57:12 UTC Current
BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) -0.074s
Before 		-74.0 dBm 9.25 dB 0 40 ab40 Bulgaria 2026-04-03 20:57:12 UTC View
Vitoshko Rele (VRR) -0.046s
Before 		-94.0 dBm -7.00 dB 0 40 ab40 Bulgaria 2026-04-03 20:57:12 UTC View
GW Nadejda SF 🇧🇬🏢🛰️ (SFGN) +0.382s
After 		-97.0 dBm 2.00 dB 1 fa Bulgaria 2026-04-03 20:57:12 UTC View
4

Total Receptions

4

Unique Gateways