Packet #2622803 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from TaC LuBo (lUbO) to CityMesh (City)

1
Total Receptions
1
Unique Gateways
2
Hop Count
47
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 2622803
Mesh Packet ID: 0xf4a4a60d
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-04-03 08:24:01 UTC
From Node: TaC LuBo (lUbO)
To Node: CityMesh (City)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: K3000 (k300)
Channel: Bulgaria
RSSI: -45 dBm
SNR: 12.75 dBm
Hop Info: 2/2 hops
Start: 2, Limit: 0
Relay Node: 2b KMSH
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 47 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
Route Path: Vitoshko Rele (VRR)
Hop Count: 0 hops
Status: Forward incomplete, Return in progress
SNR Towards: 0.0 dB -4.25 dB
Return Path: BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA) → Bin Cho (BCGW) → Kosanin Mesh (KMSH)
SNR Back: -4.5 dB 0.5 dB 2.75 dB
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 CityMesh (City) Vitoshko Rele (VRR) 117.19 km 0.0 dB Origin Hops
2 Vitoshko Rele (VRR) TaC LuBo (lUbO) 12.34 km -4.25 dB Relay Hops
Traceroute incomplete - Final destination not reached
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 TaC LuBo (lUbO) BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA) Unknown -4.5 dB Return Start Hops
2 BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA) Bin Cho (BCGW) Unknown 0.5 dB Return Relay Hops
3 Bin Cho (BCGW) Kosanin Mesh (KMSH) Unknown 2.75 dB Return End Hops
Total Forward Distance
129.54 km
Combined Traceroute Graph
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Legend & Paths
Nodes
🔄 Router Node
📡 Gateway Node
🚀 Source Node
🎯 Target Node
Connections
RF Link
Gateway Connection
Direct Reception (0 hops)
Packet Paths
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Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:47 bytes
Gateway:!0407c954
Channel:Bulgaria
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:2 / 2
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 3 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
+ 1 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !0407c954
Node ID format
channel_id Bulgaria
packet MeshPacket (47 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 1509282409
Source node ID 		uint32
to 2697705644
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum 70
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 47 bytes size
hop_limit Not set uint32
hop_start 2
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 2
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -45.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr 12.75 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1775204640
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack True
Acknowledgment requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 43
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1775204641.1822152
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Acknowledgment requested
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Want ack: True
Gateway ID: !0407c954
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -45.0 dBm
SNR: 12.75 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:47 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [ 2996805976 ], "snr_towards": [ 0.0, -4.25 ], "route_back": [ 2997301288, 3562708244, 3890432299 ], "snr_back": [ -4.5, 0.5, 2.75 ], "route_node_names": { "2997301288": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "1509282409": "TaC LuBo (lUbO)", "3890432299": "Kosanin Mesh (KMSH)", "2697705644": "CityMesh (City)", "3562708244": "Bin Cho (BCGW)", "2996805976": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 2622803, "timestamp": 1775204641.1822152, "from_node_id": 1509282409, "to_node_id": 2697705644, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!0407c954", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "mesh_packet_id": 4104431117, "rssi": -45, "snr": 12.75, "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 2, "payload_length": 47, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a0458a19fb2120b00efffffffffffffffff011a0c2830a7b2149d5ad42b49e3e7220ceeffffffffffffffff01020b", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1775204640, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 43, "tx_after": 0, "timestamp_str": "2026-04-03 08:24:01 UTC", "hop_count": 2, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "TaC LuBo (lUbO)", "to_node_name": "CityMesh (City)", "relay_hex": "2b", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 3890432299, "node_name": "Kosanin Mesh", "hex_id": "!e7e3492b", "short_name": "KMSH", "last_byte": "2b" } ], "gateway_name": "K3000 (k300)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 67619156, "latitude": 42.606592, "longitude": 23.38816, "altitude": 670, "timestamp": 1775344273.0428255, "timestamp_str": "2026-04-04 23:11:13", "display_name": "K3000", "long_name": "K3000", "short_name": "k300", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 2622803, "from_node_id": 1509282409, "to_node_id": 2697705644, "timestamp": 1775204641.1822152, "gateway_id": "!0407c954", "raw_payload": "0a0458a19fb2120b00efffffffffffffffff011a0c2830a7b2149d5ad42b49e3e7220ceeffffffffffffffff01020b", "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 2, "from_node_name": "TaC LuBo (lUbO)", "to_node_name": "CityMesh (City)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 2996805976 ], "snr_towards": [ 0.0, -4.25 ], "route_back": [ 2997301288, 3562708244, 3890432299 ], "snr_back": [ -4.5, 0.5, 2.75 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 2697705644, 2996805976, 1509282409 ], "node_names": [ "CityMesh (City)", "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "TaC LuBo (lUbO)" ], "snr_values": [ 0.0, -4.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2697705644, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "CityMesh (City)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 117194.84370748301, "from_location_timestamp": 1774815048.242409, "to_location_timestamp": 1775146583.964606, "from_location_age_warning": "from 4.5d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 16.1h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 1509282409, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "TaC LuBo (lUbO)", "snr": -4.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 12342.19475538799, "from_location_timestamp": 1775146583.964606, "to_location_timestamp": 1775204636.7295442, "from_location_age_warning": "from 16.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.0h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 1509282409, 2997301288, 3562708244, 3890432299 ], "node_names": [ "TaC LuBo (lUbO)", "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "Bin Cho (BCGW)", "Kosanin Mesh (KMSH)" ], "snr_values": [ -4.5, 0.5, 2.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 1509282409, "to_node_id": 2997301288, "from_node_name": "TaC LuBo (lUbO)", "to_node_name": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "snr": -4.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2997301288, "to_node_id": 3562708244, "from_node_name": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "to_node_name": "Bin Cho (BCGW)", "snr": 0.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 3562708244, "to_node_id": 3890432299, "from_node_name": "Bin Cho (BCGW)", "to_node_name": "Kosanin Mesh (KMSH)", "snr": 2.75, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 3 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 2697705644, 2996805976, 1509282409, 2997301288, 3562708244, 3890432299 ], "node_names": [ "CityMesh (City)", "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "TaC LuBo (lUbO)", "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "Bin Cho (BCGW)", "Kosanin Mesh (KMSH)" ], "snr_values": [ 0.0, -4.25, -4.5, 0.5, 2.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2697705644, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "CityMesh (City)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 117194.84370748301, "from_location_timestamp": 1774815048.242409, "to_location_timestamp": 1775146583.964606, "from_location_age_warning": "from 4.5d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 16.1h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 1509282409, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "TaC LuBo (lUbO)", "snr": -4.25, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 12342.19475538799, "from_location_timestamp": 1775146583.964606, "to_location_timestamp": 1775204636.7295442, "from_location_age_warning": "from 16.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.0h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 1509282409, "to_node_id": 2997301288, "from_node_name": "TaC LuBo (lUbO)", "to_node_name": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "snr": -4.5, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 2997301288, "to_node_id": 3562708244, "from_node_name": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "to_node_name": "Bin Cho (BCGW)", "snr": 0.5, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 5, "from_node_id": 3562708244, "to_node_id": 3890432299, "from_node_name": "Bin Cho (BCGW)", "to_node_name": "Kosanin Mesh (KMSH)", "snr": 2.75, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 5 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": false, "forward_path_display": "CityMesh (City) → Vitoshko Rele (VRR) → TaC LuBo (lUbO)", "return_path_display": "TaC LuBo (lUbO) → BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA) → Bin Cho (BCGW) → Kosanin Mesh (KMSH)", "actual_rf_path_display": "CityMesh (City) → Vitoshko Rele (VRR) → TaC LuBo (lUbO) → BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA) → Bin Cho (BCGW) → Kosanin Mesh (KMSH)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2697705644, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "CityMesh (City)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 117194.84370748301, "from_location_timestamp": 1774815048.242409, "to_location_timestamp": 1775146583.964606, "from_location_age_warning": "from 4.5d ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 16.1h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 1509282409, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "TaC LuBo (lUbO)", "snr": -4.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 12342.19475538799, "from_location_timestamp": 1775146583.964606, "to_location_timestamp": 1775204636.7295442, "from_location_age_warning": "from 16.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.0h ago" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 1509282409, "to_node_id": 2997301288, "from_node_name": "TaC LuBo (lUbO)", "to_node_name": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "snr": -4.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2997301288, "to_node_id": 3562708244, "from_node_name": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "to_node_name": "Bin Cho (BCGW)", "snr": 0.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 3562708244, "to_node_id": 3890432299, "from_node_name": "Bin Cho (BCGW)", "to_node_name": "Kosanin Mesh (KMSH)", "snr": 2.75, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "total_forward_distance": 129537.038462871, "total_return_distance": 0 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!0407c954", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 1509282409, "to": 2697705644, "id": 4104431117, "rx_time": 1775204640, "rx_snr": 12.75, "rx_rssi": -45, "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 43, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 70, "payload": "0a0458a19fb2120b00efffffffffffffffff011a0c2830a7b2149d5ad42b49e3e7220ceeffffffffffffffff01020b", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 2996805976 ], "snr_towards": [ 0, -17 ], "route_back": [ 2997301288, 3562708244, 3890432299 ], "snr_back": [ -18, 2, 11 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (47 bytes)
0a0458a19fb2120b00efffffffffffffffff011a0c2830a7b2149d5ad42b49e3e7220ceeffffffffffffffff01020b
Hex Analysis:
Size:47 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
K3000 (k300) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-45.0 dBm 12.75 dB 2 2b KMSH Bulgaria 2026-04-03 08:24:01 UTC Current
No other receptions found within ±2 seconds
1

Total Receptions

1

Unique Gateways