Packet #2527527 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from Bella 8a23 (8a23) to CityMesh (City)

1
Total Receptions
1
Unique Gateways
1
Hop Count
29
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 2527527
Mesh Packet ID: 0xd3bfd742
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-03-27 06:49:30 UTC
From Node: Bella 8a23 (8a23)
To Node: CityMesh (City)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: CityMesh (City)
Channel: Bulgaria
RSSI: -84 dBm
SNR: 12.5 dBm
Hop Info: 1/2 hops
Start: 2, Limit: 1
Relay Node: 0c iTSC , AP05
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 29 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
Route Path: SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05) → Belasica 770f (770f)
Hop Count: 1 hops
Status: Forward complete, Return in progress
SNR Towards: 7.5 dB 8.25 dB 11.75 dB
Return Path: Belasica 770f (770f) → SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)
SNR Back: 12.75 dB 4.75 dB
Route Visualization

Loading route map...

Map shows the geographic path if nodes have shared location data.
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 CityMesh (City) SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05) 112 m 7.5 dB Origin Hops
2 SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05) Belasica 770f (770f) Unknown 8.25 dB Relay Hops
3 Belasica 770f (770f) Bella 8a23 (8a23) Unknown 11.75 dB Destination Hops
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 Bella 8a23 (8a23) Belasica 770f (770f) Unknown 12.75 dB Return Start Hops
2 Belasica 770f (770f) SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05) Unknown 4.75 dB Return End Hops
Total Forward Distance
112 m
Combined Traceroute Graph
Controls: Drag nodes to rearrange • Mouse wheel to zoom • Click and drag background to pan • Hover for details

Building graph...

Legend & Paths
Nodes
🔄 Router Node
📡 Gateway Node
🚀 Source Node
🎯 Target Node
Connections
RF Link
Gateway Connection
Direct Reception (0 hops)
Packet Paths
Loading paths...
Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:29 bytes
Gateway:!a0cbb8ac
Channel:Bulgaria
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:1 / 2
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 3 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (1 hops)
+ 1 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !a0cbb8ac
Node ID format
channel_id Bulgaria
packet MeshPacket (29 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 2106624547
Source node ID 		uint32
to 2697705644
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum 70
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 29 bytes size
hop_limit 1
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 2
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 1
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -84.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr 12.50 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1774594168
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack True
Acknowledgment requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 12
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1774594170.5652072
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Acknowledgment requested
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (1 hops)
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Want ack: True
Gateway ID: !a0cbb8ac
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -84.0 dBm
SNR: 12.50 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:29 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [ 3663888140, 297498383 ], "snr_towards": [ 7.5, 8.25, 11.75 ], "route_back": [ 297498383, 3663888140 ], "snr_back": [ 12.75, 4.75 ], "route_node_names": { "2697705644": "CityMesh (City)", "2106624547": "Bella 8a23 (8a23)", "3663888140": "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)", "297498383": "Belasica 770f (770f)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 2527527, "timestamp": 1774594170.5652072, "from_node_id": 2106624547, "to_node_id": 2697705644, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!a0cbb8ac", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "mesh_packet_id": 3552565058, "rssi": -84, "snr": 12.5, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 2, "payload_length": 29, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a080c7f62da0f77bb1112031e212f1a080f77bb110c7f62da22023313", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1774594168, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 12, "tx_after": 0, "timestamp_str": "2026-03-27 06:49:30 UTC", "hop_count": 1, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "Bella 8a23 (8a23)", "to_node_name": "CityMesh (City)", "relay_hex": "0c", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 2920652812, "node_name": "iTushev SenseCAP a00c", "hex_id": "!ae15a00c", "short_name": "iTSC", "last_byte": "0c" }, { "node_id": 3663888140, "node_name": "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡", "hex_id": "!da627f0c", "short_name": "AP05", "last_byte": "0c" } ], "gateway_name": "CityMesh (City)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 2697705644, "latitude": 41.565464, "longitude": 23.2808767, "altitude": 231, "timestamp": 1774815048.242409, "timestamp_str": "2026-03-29 20:10:48", "display_name": "CityMesh", "long_name": "CityMesh", "short_name": "City", "hw_model": "HELTEC_WSL_V3" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 2527527, "from_node_id": 2106624547, "to_node_id": 2697705644, "timestamp": 1774594170.5652072, "gateway_id": "!a0cbb8ac", "raw_payload": "0a080c7f62da0f77bb1112031e212f1a080f77bb110c7f62da22023313", "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 2, "from_node_name": "Bella 8a23 (8a23)", "to_node_name": "CityMesh (City)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 3663888140, 297498383 ], "snr_towards": [ 7.5, 8.25, 11.75 ], "route_back": [ 297498383, 3663888140 ], "snr_back": [ 12.75, 4.75 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 2697705644, 3663888140, 297498383, 2106624547 ], "node_names": [ "CityMesh (City)", "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)", "Belasica 770f (770f)", "Bella 8a23 (8a23)" ], "snr_values": [ 7.5, 8.25, 11.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2697705644, "to_node_id": 3663888140, "from_node_name": "CityMesh (City)", "to_node_name": "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)", "snr": 7.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 112.09180933603096, "from_location_timestamp": 1773931770.0155585, "to_location_timestamp": 1773375778.3845239, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.1w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.0w ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3663888140, "to_node_id": 297498383, "from_node_name": "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)", "to_node_name": "Belasica 770f (770f)", "snr": 8.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 297498383, "to_node_id": 2106624547, "from_node_name": "Belasica 770f (770f)", "to_node_name": "Bella 8a23 (8a23)", "snr": 11.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 3 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 2106624547, 297498383, 3663888140 ], "node_names": [ "Bella 8a23 (8a23)", "Belasica 770f (770f)", "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)" ], "snr_values": [ 12.75, 4.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2106624547, "to_node_id": 297498383, "from_node_name": "Bella 8a23 (8a23)", "to_node_name": "Belasica 770f (770f)", "snr": 12.75, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 297498383, "to_node_id": 3663888140, "from_node_name": "Belasica 770f (770f)", "to_node_name": "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)", "snr": 4.75, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 2697705644, 3663888140, 297498383, 2106624547 ], "node_names": [ "CityMesh (City)", "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)", "Belasica 770f (770f)", "Bella 8a23 (8a23)" ], "snr_values": [ 7.5, 8.25, 11.75, 12.75, 4.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2697705644, "to_node_id": 3663888140, "from_node_name": "CityMesh (City)", "to_node_name": "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)", "snr": 7.5, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 112.09180933603096, "from_location_timestamp": 1773931770.0155585, "to_location_timestamp": 1773375778.3845239, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.1w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.0w ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3663888140, "to_node_id": 297498383, "from_node_name": "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)", "to_node_name": "Belasica 770f (770f)", "snr": 8.25, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 297498383, "to_node_id": 2106624547, "from_node_name": "Belasica 770f (770f)", "to_node_name": "Bella 8a23 (8a23)", "snr": 11.75, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 2106624547, "to_node_id": 297498383, "from_node_name": "Bella 8a23 (8a23)", "to_node_name": "Belasica 770f (770f)", "snr": 12.75, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 5, "from_node_id": 297498383, "to_node_id": 3663888140, "from_node_name": "Belasica 770f (770f)", "to_node_name": "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)", "snr": 4.75, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 5 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": true, "forward_path_display": "CityMesh (City) → SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05) → Belasica 770f (770f) → Bella 8a23 (8a23)", "return_path_display": "Bella 8a23 (8a23) → Belasica 770f (770f) → SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)", "actual_rf_path_display": "CityMesh (City) → SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05) → Belasica 770f (770f) → Bella 8a23 (8a23)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2697705644, "to_node_id": 3663888140, "from_node_name": "CityMesh (City)", "to_node_name": "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)", "snr": 7.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 112.09180933603096, "from_location_timestamp": 1773931770.0155585, "to_location_timestamp": 1773375778.3845239, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.1w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 2.0w ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3663888140, "to_node_id": 297498383, "from_node_name": "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)", "to_node_name": "Belasica 770f (770f)", "snr": 8.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 297498383, "to_node_id": 2106624547, "from_node_name": "Belasica 770f (770f)", "to_node_name": "Bella 8a23 (8a23)", "snr": 11.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2106624547, "to_node_id": 297498383, "from_node_name": "Bella 8a23 (8a23)", "to_node_name": "Belasica 770f (770f)", "snr": 12.75, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 297498383, "to_node_id": 3663888140, "from_node_name": "Belasica 770f (770f)", "to_node_name": "SANDANSKI☀️🔋📡 (AP05)", "snr": 4.75, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "total_forward_distance": 112.09180933603096, "total_return_distance": 0 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!a0cbb8ac", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2106624547, "to": 2697705644, "id": 3552565058, "rx_time": 1774594168, "rx_snr": 12.5, "rx_rssi": -84, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 12, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 70, "payload": "0a080c7f62da0f77bb1112031e212f1a080f77bb110c7f62da22023313", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 3663888140, 297498383 ], "snr_towards": [ 30, 33, 47 ], "route_back": [ 297498383, 3663888140 ], "snr_back": [ 51, 19 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (29 bytes)
0a080c7f62da0f77bb1112031e212f1a080f77bb110c7f62da22023313
Hex Analysis:
Size:29 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
CityMesh (City) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-84.0 dBm 12.50 dB 1 0c iTSC , AP05 Bulgaria 2026-03-27 06:49:30 UTC Current
No other receptions found within ±2 seconds
1

Total Receptions

1

Unique Gateways