Packet #2410496 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64) to BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)

2
Total Receptions
2
Unique Gateways
1
Hop Count
24
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 2410496
Mesh Packet ID: 0x627fdcca
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-03-18 12:52:51 UTC
From Node: HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)
To Node: BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: Vitoshko Rele (VRR)
Channel: Bulgaria
RSSI: -70 dBm
SNR: -3.75 dBm
Hop Info: 1/2 hops
Start: 2, Limit: 1
Relay Node: be SLTN
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 24 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
Route Path: Vitoshko Rele (VRR)
Hop Count: 0 hops
Status: Forward incomplete, Return in progress
SNR Towards: 0.0 dB 7.25 dB
Return Path: HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0) → Slatina 74be ☀️ (SLTN)
SNR Back: 8.5 dB 6.25 dB
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA) Vitoshko Rele (VRR) Unknown 0.0 dB Origin Hops
2 Vitoshko Rele (VRR) HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64) Unknown 7.25 dB Relay Hops
Traceroute incomplete - Final destination not reached
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64) HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0) Unknown 8.5 dB Return Start Hops
2 HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0) Slatina 74be ☀️ (SLTN) 1.91 km 6.25 dB Return End Hops
Total Return Distance
1.91 km
Combined Traceroute Graph
Controls: Drag nodes to rearrange • Mouse wheel to zoom • Click and drag background to pan • Hover for details

Building graph...

Legend & Paths
Nodes
🔄 Router Node
📡 Gateway Node
🚀 Source Node
🎯 Target Node
Connections
RF Link
Gateway Connection
Direct Reception (0 hops)
Packet Paths
Loading paths...
Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:24 bytes
Gateway:!b29fa158
Channel:Bulgaria
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:1 / 2
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 3 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (1 hops)
+ 1 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !b29fa158
Node ID format
channel_id Bulgaria
packet MeshPacket (24 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 3127541604
Source node ID 		uint32
to 2997301288
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum 70
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 24 bytes size
hop_limit 1
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 2
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 1
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -70.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr -3.75 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1773838371
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack True
Acknowledgment requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 190
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1773838371.6825829
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Acknowledgment requested
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (1 hops)
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Want ack: True
Gateway ID: !b29fa158
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -70.0 dBm
SNR: -3.75 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:24 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [ 2996805976 ], "snr_towards": [ 0.0, 7.25 ], "route_back": [ 3088984460, 4111692990 ], "snr_back": [ 8.5, 6.25 ], "route_node_names": { "3127541604": "HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)", "2997301288": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "3088984460": "HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0)", "2996805976": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "4111692990": "Slatina 74be ☀️ (SLTN)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 2410496, "timestamp": 1773838371.6825829, "from_node_id": 3127541604, "to_node_id": 2997301288, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!b29fa158", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "mesh_packet_id": 1652546762, "rssi": -70, "snr": -3.75, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 2, "payload_length": 24, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a0458a19fb21202001d1a088c291eb8be7413f522022219", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1773838371, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 190, "tx_after": 0, "timestamp_str": "2026-03-18 12:52:51 UTC", "hop_count": 1, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)", "to_node_name": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "relay_hex": "be", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 4111692990, "node_name": "Slatina 74be ☀️", "hex_id": "!f51374be", "short_name": "SLTN", "last_byte": "be" } ], "gateway_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "gateway_location": { "node_id": 2996805976, "latitude": 42.6192896, "longitude": 23.2583168, "altitude": 1586, "timestamp": 1775316441.9488635, "timestamp_str": "2026-04-04 15:27:21", "display_name": "Vitoshko Rele", "long_name": "Vitoshko Rele", "short_name": "VRR", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V4" } }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 2410496, "from_node_id": 3127541604, "to_node_id": 2997301288, "timestamp": 1773838371.6825829, "gateway_id": "!b29fa158", "raw_payload": "0a0458a19fb21202001d1a088c291eb8be7413f522022219", "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 2, "from_node_name": "HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)", "to_node_name": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 2996805976 ], "snr_towards": [ 0.0, 7.25 ], "route_back": [ 3088984460, 4111692990 ], "snr_back": [ 8.5, 6.25 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 2997301288, 2996805976, 3127541604 ], "node_names": [ "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)" ], "snr_values": [ 0.0, 7.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2997301288, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 3127541604, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)", "snr": 7.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 3127541604, 3088984460, 4111692990 ], "node_names": [ "HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)", "HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0)", "Slatina 74be ☀️ (SLTN)" ], "snr_values": [ 8.5, 6.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127541604, "to_node_id": 3088984460, "from_node_name": "HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)", "to_node_name": "HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0)", "snr": 8.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3088984460, "to_node_id": 4111692990, "from_node_name": "HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0)", "to_node_name": "Slatina 74be ☀️ (SLTN)", "snr": 6.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 1914.0807468810997, "from_location_timestamp": 1773838162.9225976, "to_location_timestamp": 1773800815.8656483, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 10.4h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 2997301288, 2996805976, 3127541604, 3088984460, 4111692990 ], "node_names": [ "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)", "HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0)", "Slatina 74be ☀️ (SLTN)" ], "snr_values": [ 0.0, 7.25, 8.5, 6.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2997301288, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 3127541604, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)", "snr": 7.25, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 3127541604, "to_node_id": 3088984460, "from_node_name": "HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)", "to_node_name": "HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0)", "snr": 8.5, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 3088984460, "to_node_id": 4111692990, "from_node_name": "HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0)", "to_node_name": "Slatina 74be ☀️ (SLTN)", "snr": 6.25, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 1914.0807468810997, "from_location_timestamp": 1773838162.9225976, "to_location_timestamp": 1773800815.8656483, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 10.4h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 4 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": false, "forward_path_display": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA) → Vitoshko Rele (VRR) → HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)", "return_path_display": "HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64) → HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0) → Slatina 74be ☀️ (SLTN)", "actual_rf_path_display": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA) → Vitoshko Rele (VRR) → HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64) → HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0) → Slatina 74be ☀️ (SLTN)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 2997301288, "to_node_id": 2996805976, "from_node_name": "BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA)", "to_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "snr": 0.0, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2996805976, "to_node_id": 3127541604, "from_node_name": "Vitoshko Rele (VRR)", "to_node_name": "HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)", "snr": 7.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127541604, "to_node_id": 3088984460, "from_node_name": "HLTK #7F64 (HIoT) (7F64)", "to_node_name": "HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0)", "snr": 8.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": null, "from_location_timestamp": null, "to_location_timestamp": null, "from_location_age_warning": "No location data available", "to_location_age_warning": "No location data available" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 3088984460, "to_node_id": 4111692990, "from_node_name": "HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0)", "to_node_name": "Slatina 74be ☀️ (SLTN)", "snr": 6.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 1914.0807468810997, "from_location_timestamp": 1773838162.9225976, "to_location_timestamp": 1773800815.8656483, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 10.4h ago" } ], "total_forward_distance": 0, "total_return_distance": 1914.0807468810997 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!b29fa158", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 3127541604, "to": 2997301288, "id": 1652546762, "rx_time": 1773838371, "rx_snr": -3.75, "rx_rssi": -70, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 190, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 70, "payload": "0a0458a19fb21202001d1a088c291eb8be7413f522022219", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 2996805976 ], "snr_towards": [ 0, 29 ], "route_back": [ 3088984460, 4111692990 ], "snr_back": [ 34, 25 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (24 bytes)
0a0458a19fb21202001d1a088c291eb8be7413f522022219
Hex Analysis:
Size:24 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
Vitoshko Rele (VRR) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-70.0 dBm -3.75 dB 1 be SLTN Bulgaria 2026-03-18 12:52:51 UTC Current
BSBK28 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏣 (PAPA) +0.161s
After 		-62.0 dBm 11.75 dB 2 58 VRR Bulgaria 2026-03-18 12:52:51 UTC View
2

Total Receptions

2

Unique Gateways