Packet #2655259

Database ID:	2655259
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x5e081ecf` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-04-05 11:40:14 UTC
From Node:	WGD868 (2WGD)
To Node:	HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)
Channel:	Bulgaria
RSSI:	-74 dBm
SNR:	-13.5 dBm
Hop Info:	0/2 hops Start: 2, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`1c` 2WGD , Bobs Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	WGD868
Short Name:	2WGD
Node ID:	!0407f11c
MAC Address:	rKcEB/Ec
Hardware:	HELTEC_V3

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	71 bytes
Gateway:	!69849c74
Channel:	Bulgaria
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 2

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 3 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!69849c74` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`Bulgaria`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (71 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`67629340` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`3088984460` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`71` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`2` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-74.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`-13.50` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1775388454` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`28` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1775389214.9390225` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!69849c74`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -74.0 dBm SNR: -13.50 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	71 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!0407f11c", "long_name": "WGD868", "short_name": "2WGD", "macaddr": "rKcEB/Ec", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!69849c74", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 67629340, "to": 3088984460, "id": 1577590479, "rx_time": 1775388454, "rx_snr": -13.5, "rx_rssi": -74, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 28, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a0921303430376631316312065747443836381a04325747442206aca70407f11c282b42203c8f5eaa89ecd2408848f9b3b7c842cdddc3fa688a0678da6dbd47d521d319204800", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!0407f11c", "long_name": "WGD868", "short_name": "2WGD", "macaddr": "rKcEB/Ec", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3", "public_key": "PI9eqons0kCISPmzt8hCzd3D+miKBnjabb1H1SHTGSA=", "is_unmessagable": false, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (71 bytes)

0a0921303430376631316312065747443836381a04325747442206aca70407f11c282b42203c8f5eaa89ecd2408848f9b3b7c842cdddc3fa688a0678da6dbd47d521d319204800

Hex Analysis:

Size:	71 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2655259 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: