Packet #2571279 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from test dev xxx (7f68) to mobile sof (fd50)

1
Total Receptions
1
Unique Gateways
0
Hop Count
28
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 2571279
Mesh Packet ID: 0xcf4a0ec7
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-03-30 17:37:09 UTC
From Node: test dev xxx (7f68)
To Node: mobile sof (fd50)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)
Channel: Bulgaria
RSSI: -69 dBm
SNR: 9.5 dBm
Hop Info: 0/2 hops
Start: 2, Limit: 2
Relay Node: 40 ab40
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 28 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
Route Path: gw sof (ab40)
Hop Count: 0 hops
Status: Forward complete, Return in progress
SNR Towards: -3.5 dB 10.25 dB
Return Path: gw sof (ab40)
SNR Back: 12.75 dB
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 mobile sof (fd50) gw sof (ab40) 268 m -3.5 dB Origin Hops
2 gw sof (ab40) test dev xxx (7f68) 196.60 km 10.25 dB Destination Hops
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 test dev xxx (7f68) gw sof (ab40) 196.60 km 12.75 dB Return Start Hops
Total Forward Distance
196.87 km
Total Return Distance
196.60 km
Combined Traceroute Graph
Controls: Drag nodes to rearrange • Mouse wheel to zoom • Click and drag background to pan • Hover for details

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Legend & Paths
Nodes
🔄 Router Node
📡 Gateway Node
🚀 Source Node
🎯 Target Node
Connections
RF Link
Gateway Connection
Direct Reception (0 hops)
Packet Paths
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Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:28 bytes
Gateway:!b2a74c38
Channel:Bulgaria
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:Unknown / 2
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 4 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !b2a74c38
Node ID format
channel_id Bulgaria
packet MeshPacket (28 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 4066803560
Source node ID 		uint32
to 3127311696
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum 70
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 28 bytes size
hop_limit 2
Remaining hops allowed 		uint32
hop_start 2
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 0
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -69.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr 9.50 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1774892229
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack True
Acknowledgment requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 64
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1774892229.2789636
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Acknowledgment requested
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
  • ✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Want ack: True
Gateway ID: !b2a74c38
Zero Hop Policy: Enabled
Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -69.0 dBm
SNR: 9.50 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:28 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [ 2661264192 ], "snr_towards": [ -3.5, 10.25 ], "route_back": [ 2661264192 ], "snr_back": [ 12.75 ], "route_node_names": { "2661264192": "gw sof (ab40)", "3127311696": "mobile sof (fd50)", "4066803560": "test dev xxx (7f68)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 2571279, "timestamp": 1774892229.2789636, "from_node_id": 4066803560, "to_node_id": 3127311696, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!b2a74c38", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "mesh_packet_id": 3477737159, "rssi": -69, "snr": 9.5, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "payload_length": 28, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a0440ab9f9e120bf2ffffffffffffffff01291a0440ab9f9e220133", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1774892229, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 64, "tx_after": 0, "timestamp_str": "2026-03-30 17:37:09 UTC", "hop_count": 0, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "test dev xxx (7f68)", "to_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "relay_hex": "40", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 2661264192, "node_name": "gw sof", "hex_id": "!9e9fab40", "short_name": "ab40", "last_byte": "40" } ], "gateway_name": "BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO)", "gateway_location": null }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 2571279, "from_node_id": 4066803560, "to_node_id": 3127311696, "timestamp": 1774892229.2789636, "gateway_id": "!b2a74c38", "raw_payload": "0a0440ab9f9e120bf2ffffffffffffffff01291a0440ab9f9e220133", "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "from_node_name": "test dev xxx (7f68)", "to_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 2661264192 ], "snr_towards": [ -3.5, 10.25 ], "route_back": [ 2661264192 ], "snr_back": [ 12.75 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 3127311696, 2661264192, 4066803560 ], "node_names": [ "mobile sof (fd50)", "gw sof (ab40)", "test dev xxx (7f68)" ], "snr_values": [ -3.5, 10.25 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127311696, "to_node_id": 2661264192, "from_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "to_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "snr": -3.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 267.9527407080467, "from_location_timestamp": 1774891762.5652514, "to_location_timestamp": 1774821836.8170009, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 19.6h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2661264192, "to_node_id": 4066803560, "from_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "to_node_name": "test dev xxx (7f68)", "snr": 10.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 196602.51404917048, "from_location_timestamp": 1774821836.8170009, "to_location_timestamp": 1774862083.212209, "from_location_age_warning": "from 19.6h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 8.4h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 4066803560, 2661264192 ], "node_names": [ "test dev xxx (7f68)", "gw sof (ab40)" ], "snr_values": [ 12.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 4066803560, "to_node_id": 2661264192, "from_node_name": "test dev xxx (7f68)", "to_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "snr": 12.75, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 196602.51404917048, "from_location_timestamp": 1774862083.212209, "to_location_timestamp": 1774821836.8170009, "from_location_age_warning": "from 8.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 19.6h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 1 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 3127311696, 2661264192, 4066803560 ], "node_names": [ "mobile sof (fd50)", "gw sof (ab40)", "test dev xxx (7f68)" ], "snr_values": [ -3.5, 10.25, 12.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127311696, "to_node_id": 2661264192, "from_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "to_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "snr": -3.5, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 267.9527407080467, "from_location_timestamp": 1774891762.5652514, "to_location_timestamp": 1774821836.8170009, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 19.6h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2661264192, "to_node_id": 4066803560, "from_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "to_node_name": "test dev xxx (7f68)", "snr": 10.25, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 196602.51404917048, "from_location_timestamp": 1774821836.8170009, "to_location_timestamp": 1774862083.212209, "from_location_age_warning": "from 19.6h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 8.4h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 4066803560, "to_node_id": 2661264192, "from_node_name": "test dev xxx (7f68)", "to_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "snr": 12.75, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 196602.51404917048, "from_location_timestamp": 1774862083.212209, "to_location_timestamp": 1774821836.8170009, "from_location_age_warning": "from 8.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 19.6h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 3 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": true, "forward_path_display": "mobile sof (fd50) → gw sof (ab40) → test dev xxx (7f68)", "return_path_display": "test dev xxx (7f68) → gw sof (ab40)", "actual_rf_path_display": "mobile sof (fd50) → gw sof (ab40) → test dev xxx (7f68)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3127311696, "to_node_id": 2661264192, "from_node_name": "mobile sof (fd50)", "to_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "snr": -3.5, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 267.9527407080467, "from_location_timestamp": 1774891762.5652514, "to_location_timestamp": 1774821836.8170009, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.1h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 19.6h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 2661264192, "to_node_id": 4066803560, "from_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "to_node_name": "test dev xxx (7f68)", "snr": 10.25, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 196602.51404917048, "from_location_timestamp": 1774821836.8170009, "to_location_timestamp": 1774862083.212209, "from_location_age_warning": "from 19.6h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 8.4h ago" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 4066803560, "to_node_id": 2661264192, "from_node_name": "test dev xxx (7f68)", "to_node_name": "gw sof (ab40)", "snr": 12.75, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 196602.51404917048, "from_location_timestamp": 1774862083.212209, "to_location_timestamp": 1774821836.8170009, "from_location_age_warning": "from 8.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 19.6h ago" } ], "total_forward_distance": 196870.46678987853, "total_return_distance": 196602.51404917048 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!b2a74c38", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 4066803560, "to": 3127311696, "id": 3477737159, "rx_time": 1774892229, "rx_snr": 9.5, "rx_rssi": -69, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 64, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 70, "payload": "0a0440ab9f9e120bf2ffffffffffffffff01291a0440ab9f9e220133", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 2661264192 ], "snr_towards": [ -14, 41 ], "route_back": [ 2661264192 ], "snr_back": [ 51 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (28 bytes)
0a0440ab9f9e120bf2ffffffffffffffff01291a0440ab9f9e220133
Hex Analysis:
Size:28 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
BSRI72 LZ1S/r SWATbg 🇧🇬 🏠 (KILO) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-69.0 dBm 9.50 dB 0 40 ab40 Bulgaria 2026-03-30 17:37:09 UTC Current
No other receptions found within ±2 seconds
1

Total Receptions

1

Unique Gateways