Packet #2564635

Database ID:	2564635
Mesh Packet ID:	`0x4b7a7fa4` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-03-30 06:47:39 UTC
From Node:	Bella 8a23 (8a23)
To Node:	Slatina 74be ☀️ (SLTN)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	Bella 8a23 (8a23)
Channel:	Bulgaria
RSSI:	Unknown
SNR:	Unknown
Hop Info:	0/2 hops Start: 2, Limit: 2
Relay Node:	`23` 8a23 Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	Bella 8a23
Short Name:	8a23
Node ID:	!7d908a23
MAC Address:	5wN9kIoj
Hardware:	XIAO_NRF52_KIT

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	77 bytes
Gateway:	!7d908a23
Channel:	Bulgaria
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 2

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 3 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!7d908a23` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`Bulgaria`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (77 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`2106624547` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`4111692990` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`77` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`2` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`2` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	Not set	int32
`rx_snr`	Not set	float
`rx_time`	`1774853254` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	`10` Packet priority level	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`35` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1774853259.2554061` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!7d908a23`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	77 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!7d908a23", "long_name": "Bella 8a23", "short_name": "8a23", "macaddr": "5wN9kIoj", "hw_model": "XIAO_NRF52_KIT" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!7d908a23", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 2106624547, "to": 4111692990, "id": 1266319268, "rx_time": 1774853254, "rx_snr": 0.0, "rx_rssi": 0, "hop_limit": 2, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 10, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 35, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a09213764393038613233120a42656c6c6120386132331a04386132332206e7037d908a232858380b4220dad5c83c9d2c36fa724fb7ce79db87884c3dc84eecd91ad8da8c997ed42a097b4801", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!7d908a23", "long_name": "Bella 8a23", "short_name": "8a23", "macaddr": "5wN9kIoj", "hw_model": "XIAO_NRF52_KIT", "role": "ROUTER_LATE", "public_key": "2tXIPJ0sNvpyT7fOeduHiEw9yE7s2RrY2oyZftQqCXs=", "is_unmessagable": true, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (77 bytes)

0a09213764393038613233120a42656c6c6120386132331a04386132332206e7037d908a232858380b4220dad5c83c9d2c36fa724fb7ce79db87884c3dc84eecd91ad8da8c997ed42a097b4801

Hex Analysis:

Size:	77 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2564635 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: