Packet #2476581

Database ID:	2476581
Mesh Packet ID:	`0xe1fc5bac` Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp:	2026-03-23 14:34:30 UTC
From Node:	l-base-d (lb-d)
To Node:	HobbyIoT #298C (H2S0)
Success:	Processed
Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP Port: 4

Gateway:	l-base-a (lb-a)
Channel:	Bulgaria
RSSI:	-63 dBm
SNR:	12.25 dBm
Hop Info:	0/1 hops Start: 1, Limit: 1
Relay Node:	`1c` lb-d Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions

Long Name:	l-base-d
Short Name:	lb-d
Node ID:	!e2e1e71c
MAC Address:	SCfi4ecc
Hardware:	HELTEC_V3

Raw Packet Analysis

Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis

Packet Structure

MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)

Total Size:	75 bytes
Gateway:	!e2e1e878
Channel:	Bulgaria
Payload Type:	NODEINFO_APP
Hop Count:	Unknown / 1

Privacy Summary

Exposure Level:
Direct Message

Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
+ 3 more...

Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

Field	Value
`gateway_id`	`!e2e1e878` Node ID format
`channel_id`	`Bulgaria`
`packet`	`MeshPacket` (75 bytes) Contains the actual mesh network packet

MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

Field	Value	Type
`from`	`3806455580` Source node ID	uint32
`to`	`3088984460` Target node ID	uint32
`decoded.portnum`	`4` NODEINFO_APP	enum
`decoded.payload_length`	`75` bytes	size
`hop_limit`	`1` Remaining hops allowed	uint32
`hop_start`	`1` Initial hop limit	uint32
`hops_taken`	`0` Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit	derived
`rx_rssi`	`-63.0` dBm Signal strength at gateway	int32
`rx_snr`	`12.25` dB Signal quality at gateway	float
`rx_time`	`1774276469` Receive timestamp	fixed32
`via_mqtt`	False Direct LoRa transmission	bool
`want_ack`	False No ACK requested	bool
`priority`	Not set	enum
`delayed`	Not set	enum
`channel`	Not set	uint32
`pki_encrypted`	False Standard encryption	bool
`next_hop`	Not set	uint32
`relay_node`	`28` Relay node ID	uint32
`tx_after`	Not set	uint32
`timestamp`	`1774276470.9775493` Unix timestamp	uint32

MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message

Privacy Features:

✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Targeted to specific node
✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
✓ Gateway node ID tracked
✓ Zero-hop: direct from source to MQTT gateway

Exposure Risks:

⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)

MQTT-Specific Fields

Gateway ID:	`!e2e1e878`
Zero Hop Policy:	Enabled Direct gateway connection
Signal Metrics:	RSSI: -63.0 dBm SNR: 12.25 dB

Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:

Protocol:	NODEINFO_APP
Size:	75 bytes
Decoded:	Yes

Complete Payload Data (JSON):

{ "id": "!e2e1e71c", "long_name": "l-base-d", "short_name": "lb-d", "macaddr": "SCfi4ecc", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3" }

Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)

{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!e2e1e878", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 3806455580, "to": 3088984460, "id": 3791412140, "rx_time": 1774276469, "rx_snr": 12.25, "rx_rssi": -63, "hop_limit": 1, "hop_start": 1, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 0, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 28, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 4, "payload": "0a0921653265316537316312086c2d626173652d641a046c622d6422064827e2e1e71c282b380b4220fe6e3d1194b4350458b6f2020e3293f09e9fd79e20117218fb45912ddf2d43254801", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "id": "!e2e1e71c", "long_name": "l-base-d", "short_name": "lb-d", "macaddr": "SCfi4ecc", "hw_model": "HELTEC_V3", "role": "ROUTER_LATE", "public_key": "/m49EZS0NQRYtvICDjKT8J6f154gEXIY+0WRLd8tQyU=", "is_unmessagable": true, "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "NODEINFO_APP", "message_class": "User" } } } }

Raw Packet Data (75 bytes)

0a0921653265316537316312086c2d626173652d641a046c622d6422064827e2e1e71c282b380b4220fe6e3d1194b4350458b6f2020e3293f09e9fd79e20117218fb45912ddf2d43254801

Hex Analysis:

Size:	75 bytes
Format:	Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:	Binary with varint and length-delimited fields

This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.

Packet #2476581 Success

Packet Information

Payload Data

Decoded Data: