Packet #2412740 Success

TRACEROUTE_APP packet from Coder2 (STN2) to Beekeeper (BK)

2
Total Receptions
2
Unique Gateways
2
Hop Count
56
Payload Bytes
Packet Information
Database ID: 2412740
Mesh Packet ID: 0xfb4dd532
Used for correlation across gateways
Timestamp: 2026-03-18 16:50:34 UTC
From Node: Coder2 (STN2)
To Node: Beekeeper (BK)
Success: Processed
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Port: 70
Gateway: WisMesh Booster (WMB)
Channel: Bulgaria
RSSI: -79 dBm
SNR: 10.0 dBm
Hop Info: 2/2 hops
Start: 2, Limit: 0
Relay Node: 1f VT01
Last byte of the last hop that relayed this packet - Candidate source node(s) based on 0-hop direct receptions
Payload Data
Protocol: TRACEROUTE_APP
Size: 56 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Decoded Data:
Route Information
Route Path: Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)
Hop Count: 0 hops
Status: Forward incomplete, Return in progress
SNR Towards: -6.75 dB 7.75 dB
Return Path: Bukovetz (BUK1) → Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW) → Veliko Tarnovo 01 (VT01)
SNR Back: 11.25 dB -14.25 dB -9.5 dB
Traceroute Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 Beekeeper (BK) Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW) 0 m -6.75 dB Origin Hops
2 Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW) Coder2 (STN2) 87.51 km 7.75 dB Relay Hops
Traceroute incomplete - Final destination not reached
Return Path Steps
Hop From Node To Node Distance SNR (dB) Direction Analysis
1 Coder2 (STN2) Bukovetz (BUK1) 90.67 km 11.25 dB Return Start Hops
2 Bukovetz (BUK1) Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW) 5.52 km -14.25 dB Return Relay Hops
3 Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW) Veliko Tarnovo 01 (VT01) 902 m -9.5 dB Return End Hops
Total Forward Distance
87.51 km
Total Return Distance
97.10 km
Combined Traceroute Graph
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Legend & Paths
Nodes
🔄 Router Node
📡 Gateway Node
🚀 Source Node
🎯 Target Node
Connections
RF Link
Gateway Connection
Direct Reception (0 hops)
Packet Paths
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Raw Packet Analysis
Complete field breakdown and MQTT privacy/exposure analysis
Packet Structure
MQTT Packet Flow:
ServiceEnvelope (MQTT layer) → MeshPacket (Mesh layer) → Decoded Payload (Application data)
Total Size:56 bytes
Gateway:!dce58c09
Channel:Bulgaria
Payload Type:TRACEROUTE_APP
Hop Count:2 / 2
Privacy Summary
Exposure Level:
Direct Message
Privacy Features:
✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
✓ Acknowledgment requested
+ 3 more...
Exposure Risks:
⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
+ 1 more...
MQTT ServiceEnvelope Fields

MQTT ServiceEnvelope contains the MeshPacket plus routing metadata

FieldValue
gateway_id !dce58c09
Node ID format
channel_id Bulgaria
packet MeshPacket (56 bytes)
Contains the actual mesh network packet
MeshPacket Fields

Core mesh packet with routing and payload information

FieldValueType
from 1576935589
Source node ID 		uint32
to 3409154800
Target node ID 		uint32
decoded.portnum 70
TRACEROUTE_APP 		enum
decoded.payload_length 56 bytes size
hop_limit Not set uint32
hop_start 2
Initial hop limit 		uint32
hops_taken 2
Calculated: hop_start - hop_limit 		derived
rx_rssi -79.0 dBm
Signal strength at gateway 		int32
rx_snr 10.00 dB
Signal quality at gateway 		float
rx_time 1773852626
Receive timestamp 		fixed32
via_mqtt False
Direct LoRa transmission 		bool
want_ack True
Acknowledgment requested 		bool
priority Not set enum
delayed Not set enum
channel Not set uint32
pki_encrypted False
Standard encryption 		bool
next_hop Not set uint32
relay_node 31
Relay node ID 		uint32
tx_after Not set uint32
timestamp 1773852634.4012344
Unix timestamp 		uint32
MQTT Privacy & Exposure Analysis

Analysis of privacy features and exposure risks when packet is shared via MQTT

Exposure Level: Direct Message
Privacy Features:
  • ✓ Direct LoRa transmission (not via MQTT)
  • ✓ Acknowledgment requested
  • ✓ Targeted to specific node
  • ✓ Custom channel: Bulgaria
  • ✓ Gateway node ID tracked
Exposure Risks:
  • ⚠ Packet visible to MQTT subscribers
  • ⚠ Multi-hop path visible (2 hops)
  • ⚠ RF signal metrics exposed (location inference possible)
MQTT-Specific Fields
Want ack: True
Gateway ID: !dce58c09
Signal Metrics: RSSI: -79.0 dBm
SNR: 10.00 dB
Complete Payload Analysis

Detailed breakdown of all payload fields and decoded data

Payload Metadata:
Protocol:TRACEROUTE_APP
Size:56 bytes
Decoded: Yes
Complete Payload Data (JSON):
{ "route_nodes": [ 1770298484 ], "snr_towards": [ -6.75, 7.75 ], "route_back": [ 1771851276, 1770298484, 4147553055 ], "snr_back": [ 11.25, -14.25, -9.5 ], "route_node_names": { "1576935589": "Coder2 (STN2)", "1771851276": "Bukovetz (BUK1)", "3409154800": "Beekeeper (BK)", "1770298484": "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "4147553055": "Veliko Tarnovo 01 (VT01)" }, "traceroute_packet": { "packet_data": { "id": 2412740, "timestamp": 1773852634.4012344, "from_node_id": 1576935589, "to_node_id": 3409154800, "portnum": 70, "portnum_name": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "gateway_id": "!dce58c09", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "mesh_packet_id": 4216182066, "rssi": -79, "snr": 10.0, "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 2, "payload_length": 56, "processed_successfully": 1, "raw_payload": "0a04749c8469120be5ffffffffffffffff011f1a0c0c4e9c69749c84691fa336f722152dc7ffffffffffffffff01daffffffffffffffff01", "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "rx_time": 1773852626, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 31, "tx_after": 0, "timestamp_str": "2026-03-18 16:50:34 UTC", "hop_count": 2, "has_payload": true, "success": 1, "from_node_name": "Coder2 (STN2)", "to_node_name": "Beekeeper (BK)", "relay_hex": "1f", "relay_candidates": [ { "node_id": 4147553055, "node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo 01", "hex_id": "!f736a31f", "short_name": "VT01", "last_byte": "1f" } ], "gateway_name": "WisMesh Booster (WMB)", "gateway_location": null }, "resolve_names": true, "packet_id": 2412740, "from_node_id": 1576935589, "to_node_id": 3409154800, "timestamp": 1773852634.4012344, "gateway_id": "!dce58c09", "raw_payload": "0a04749c8469120be5ffffffffffffffff011f1a0c0c4e9c69749c84691fa336f722152dc7ffffffffffffffff01daffffffffffffffff01", "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 2, "from_node_name": "Coder2 (STN2)", "to_node_name": "Beekeeper (BK)", "route_data": { "route_nodes": [ 1770298484 ], "snr_towards": [ -6.75, 7.75 ], "route_back": [ 1771851276, 1770298484, 4147553055 ], "snr_back": [ 11.25, -14.25, -9.5 ] }, "forward_path": { "path_type": "forward_with_return", "node_ids": [ 3409154800, 1770298484, 1576935589 ], "node_names": [ "Beekeeper (BK)", "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "Coder2 (STN2)" ], "snr_values": [ -6.75, 7.75 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3409154800, "to_node_id": 1770298484, "from_node_name": "Beekeeper (BK)", "to_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "snr": -6.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 0.0, "from_location_timestamp": 1773849840.7537644, "to_location_timestamp": 1773836935.2035167, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.8h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 4.4h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 1770298484, "to_node_id": 1576935589, "from_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "to_node_name": "Coder2 (STN2)", "snr": 7.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 87511.05165593873, "from_location_timestamp": 1773836935.2035167, "to_location_timestamp": 1774165247.910651, "from_location_age_warning": "from 4.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.6d later" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 2 }, "return_path": { "path_type": "return", "node_ids": [ 1576935589, 1771851276, 1770298484, 4147553055 ], "node_names": [ "Coder2 (STN2)", "Bukovetz (BUK1)", "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "Veliko Tarnovo 01 (VT01)" ], "snr_values": [ 11.25, -14.25, -9.5 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 1576935589, "to_node_id": 1771851276, "from_node_name": "Coder2 (STN2)", "to_node_name": "Bukovetz (BUK1)", "snr": 11.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 90673.79707363846, "from_location_timestamp": 1774165247.910651, "to_location_timestamp": 1772826815.3569946, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.6d later", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.7w ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 1771851276, "to_node_id": 1770298484, "from_node_name": "Bukovetz (BUK1)", "to_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "snr": -14.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 5519.379176226814, "from_location_timestamp": 1772826815.3569946, "to_location_timestamp": 1773836935.2035167, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.7w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 4.4h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 1770298484, "to_node_id": 4147553055, "from_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "to_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo 01 (VT01)", "snr": -9.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 902.4112112210134, "from_location_timestamp": 1773836935.2035167, "to_location_timestamp": 1773850361.7562711, "from_location_age_warning": "from 4.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.6h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 3 }, "actual_rf_path": { "path_type": "combined_rf", "node_ids": [ 3409154800, 1770298484, 1576935589, 1771851276, 4147553055 ], "node_names": [ "Beekeeper (BK)", "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "Coder2 (STN2)", "Bukovetz (BUK1)", "Veliko Tarnovo 01 (VT01)" ], "snr_values": [ -6.75, 7.75, 11.25, -14.25, -9.5 ], "hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3409154800, "to_node_id": 1770298484, "from_node_name": "Beekeeper (BK)", "to_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "snr": -6.75, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 0.0, "from_location_timestamp": 1773849840.7537644, "to_location_timestamp": 1773836935.2035167, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.8h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 4.4h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 1770298484, "to_node_id": 1576935589, "from_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "to_node_name": "Coder2 (STN2)", "snr": 7.75, "direction": "forward_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 87511.05165593873, "from_location_timestamp": 1773836935.2035167, "to_location_timestamp": 1774165247.910651, "from_location_age_warning": "from 4.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.6d later" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 1576935589, "to_node_id": 1771851276, "from_node_name": "Coder2 (STN2)", "to_node_name": "Bukovetz (BUK1)", "snr": 11.25, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 90673.79707363846, "from_location_timestamp": 1774165247.910651, "to_location_timestamp": 1772826815.3569946, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.6d later", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.7w ago" }, { "hop_number": 4, "from_node_id": 1771851276, "to_node_id": 1770298484, "from_node_name": "Bukovetz (BUK1)", "to_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "snr": -14.25, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 5519.379176226814, "from_location_timestamp": 1772826815.3569946, "to_location_timestamp": 1773836935.2035167, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.7w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 4.4h ago" }, { "hop_number": 5, "from_node_id": 1770298484, "to_node_id": 4147553055, "from_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "to_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo 01 (VT01)", "snr": -9.5, "direction": "return_rf", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 902.4112112210134, "from_location_timestamp": 1773836935.2035167, "to_location_timestamp": 1773850361.7562711, "from_location_age_warning": "from 4.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.6h ago" } ], "is_complete": false, "total_hops": 5 } }, "has_return_path": true, "is_complete": false, "forward_path_display": "Beekeeper (BK) → Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW) → Coder2 (STN2)", "return_path_display": "Coder2 (STN2) → Bukovetz (BUK1) → Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW) → Veliko Tarnovo 01 (VT01)", "actual_rf_path_display": "Beekeeper (BK) → Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW) → Coder2 (STN2) → Bukovetz (BUK1) → Veliko Tarnovo 01 (VT01)", "forward_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 3409154800, "to_node_id": 1770298484, "from_node_name": "Beekeeper (BK)", "to_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "snr": -6.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 0.0, "from_location_timestamp": 1773849840.7537644, "to_location_timestamp": 1773836935.2035167, "from_location_age_warning": "from 0.8h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 4.4h ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 1770298484, "to_node_id": 1576935589, "from_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "to_node_name": "Coder2 (STN2)", "snr": 7.75, "direction": "forward", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 87511.05165593873, "from_location_timestamp": 1773836935.2035167, "to_location_timestamp": 1774165247.910651, "from_location_age_warning": "from 4.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 3.6d later" } ], "return_hops": [ { "hop_number": 1, "from_node_id": 1576935589, "to_node_id": 1771851276, "from_node_name": "Coder2 (STN2)", "to_node_name": "Bukovetz (BUK1)", "snr": 11.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 90673.79707363846, "from_location_timestamp": 1774165247.910651, "to_location_timestamp": 1772826815.3569946, "from_location_age_warning": "from 3.6d later", "to_location_age_warning": "from 1.7w ago" }, { "hop_number": 2, "from_node_id": 1771851276, "to_node_id": 1770298484, "from_node_name": "Bukovetz (BUK1)", "to_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "snr": -14.25, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 5519.379176226814, "from_location_timestamp": 1772826815.3569946, "to_location_timestamp": 1773836935.2035167, "from_location_age_warning": "from 1.7w ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 4.4h ago" }, { "hop_number": 3, "from_node_id": 1770298484, "to_node_id": 4147553055, "from_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW)", "to_node_name": "Veliko Tarnovo 01 (VT01)", "snr": -9.5, "direction": "return", "is_target_hop": false, "distance_meters": 902.4112112210134, "from_location_timestamp": 1773836935.2035167, "to_location_timestamp": 1773850361.7562711, "from_location_age_warning": "from 4.4h ago", "to_location_age_warning": "from 0.6h ago" } ], "total_forward_distance": 87511.05165593873, "total_return_distance": 97095.58746108628 }
Complete Protobuf Decode (JSON)
{ "service_envelope": { "gateway_id": "!dce58c09", "channel_id": "Bulgaria", "packet": "MeshPacket (see mesh_packet below)" }, "mesh_packet": { "from": 1576935589, "to": 3409154800, "id": 4216182066, "rx_time": 1773852626, "rx_snr": 10.0, "rx_rssi": -79, "hop_limit": 0, "hop_start": 2, "via_mqtt": 0, "want_ack": 1, "priority": 0, "delayed": 0, "channel_index": null, "pki_encrypted": 0, "next_hop": 0, "relay_node": 31, "tx_after": 0, "decoded": { "portnum": 70, "payload": "0a04749c8469120be5ffffffffffffffff011f1a0c0c4e9c69749c84691fa336f722152dc7ffffffffffffffff01daffffffffffffffff01", "want_response": null, "dest": null, "source": null, "request_id": null, "reply_id": null, "emoji": null, "parsed_payload": { "route": [ 1770298484 ], "snr_towards": [ -27, 31 ], "route_back": [ 1771851276, 1770298484, 4147553055 ], "snr_back": [ 45, -57, -38 ], "type": "protobuf", "portnum": "TRACEROUTE_APP", "message_class": "RouteDiscovery" } } } }
Raw Packet Data (56 bytes)
0a04749c8469120be5ffffffffffffffff011f1a0c0c4e9c69749c84691fa336f722152dc7ffffffffffffffff01daffffffffffffffff01
Hex Analysis:
Size:56 bytes
Format:Protobuf (Protocol Buffers)
Encoding:Binary with varint and length-delimited fields
This is the raw protobuf-encoded payload as received from MQTT. The structure follows the Meshtastic protobuf schema definitions.
All Receptions
All gateways that received this packet
Correlation: Using Mesh Packet ID
Reception Locations

Loading reception map...

Map shows gateway locations that received this packet. Hop counts are displayed if available.
Gateway Time Offset RSSI SNR Hops Relay Channel Timestamp Actions
WisMesh Booster (WMB) Primary 0.000s
Reference 		-79.0 dBm 10.00 dB 2 1f VT01 Bulgaria 2026-03-18 16:50:34 UTC Current
Veliko Tarnovo GW (VTGW) -1.571s
Before 		-71.0 dBm -14.25 dB 0 0c BUK1 Bulgaria 2026-03-18 16:50:32 UTC View
2

Total Receptions

2

Unique Gateways